6
2012
0.0
0.0
... 大多数有花植物通过有性生殖和产生种子繁衍后代, 种子活力的保持和成功萌发成苗决定着植物种群的繁衍和生存[1], 也决定植物进入自然和农业生态系统的时间, 直接影响作物的产量[2] ...
... 由于种子萌发容易受到机械伤害、病害和环境胁迫的影响, 种子萌发也被认为是植物生活周期中最重要和最脆弱的阶段[1] ...
... Rajjou等[1]提示, 从1900年以来, 发表了25 000多篇关于种子萌发的文献 ...
... 这些结果与Rajjou等[1]的观点一致, 他们认为Met代谢在种子萌发中起重要作用 ...
... 已经提出, 在所有的生物中, Met代谢是一种看家机制(housekeeping mechanism)[1] ...
... 4 结语种子萌发是一个复杂的过程, 在这个过程中静止的干燥种子迅速地恢复代谢活性, 完成胚伸出周围结构的细胞事件, 以及为随后的幼苗生长做准备[1,2,3,6] ...
4
2011
5.242
0.0
... 大多数有花植物通过有性生殖和产生种子繁衍后代, 种子活力的保持和成功萌发成苗决定着植物种群的繁衍和生存[1], 也决定植物进入自然和农业生态系统的时间, 直接影响作物的产量[2] ...
... 2 呼吸作用与能量产生在种子吸胀开始后的几分钟, O2的吸收和CO2的释放迅速增加[2,3] ...
... 在核DNA复制或者细胞分裂缺乏时, 观察到高水平的DNA重新合成, 表明在DNA修复中的作用[2] ...
... 4 结语种子萌发是一个复杂的过程, 在这个过程中静止的干燥种子迅速地恢复代谢活性, 完成胚伸出周围结构的细胞事件, 以及为随后的幼苗生长做准备[1,2,3,6] ...
11
2013
0.0
0.0
... 种子萌发起始于水分吸收(吸胀), 结束于胚轴的伸出, 通常是胚根突破周围结构[3] ...
... 狭义的萌发(sensu stricto germination)不包括幼苗生长, “萌发的幼苗(germinating seedling)” 的术语具有明显的错误[3] ...
... Bewley等[3]注意到有大量关于种子生理、细胞学和分子生物学的文献, 是利用已萌发的种子(或者幼苗)作材料来研究种子萌发的机制, 错误地描述种子萌发的结论 ...
... 种子萌发过程中发生的细胞变化是复杂的, 当吸胀时, 代谢活性迅速增加, 由成熟干燥和干燥种子时氧化所引起的结构伤害被恢复, 基本的细胞活性被重新激活, 胚为出苗和随后的早期幼苗生长作好准备(图1)[3] ...
... 1 吸胀作用种子萌发通常被描述为一个由3个阶段所组成的过程, 随着水分吸收开始(阶段I, 吸胀作用), 重新开启代谢过程(阶段II), 胚根突破周围结构完成萌发(阶段III) (图1) [3] ...
... 在相变过程中, 一些膜被伤害, 导致溶质从细胞内渗漏[3] ...
... 渗漏也能降低种子内抑制物的浓度, 从而促进种子萌发[3] ...
... 2 呼吸作用与能量产生在种子吸胀开始后的几分钟, O2的吸收和CO2的释放迅速增加[2,3] ...
... 在干燥种子中, 例如小麦胚含有蛋白质重新合成所需要的全部组分[3] ...
... 在重新水合的几分钟内, 能利用存留的mRNA, 核糖体被转变成为多聚核糖体蛋白合成复合物(polysomal protein-synthesizing complexes)[3] ...
... 4 结语种子萌发是一个复杂的过程, 在这个过程中静止的干燥种子迅速地恢复代谢活性, 完成胚伸出周围结构的细胞事件, 以及为随后的幼苗生长做准备[1,2,3,6] ...
2
2005
8.455
0.0
. 2005, 8:183-187 DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2005.01.011
Dormancy release, ABA and pre-harvest sprouting
Seed dormancy is an adaptive trait that enables the seeds of many species to remain quiescent until conditions become favorable for germination. Dormancy is normally initiated during seed maturation and maintained to seed maturity. In mature seeds, the loss of dormancy may be gradual (after-ripening) or can be terminated by chilling and other environmental triggers. Dormancy is an important trait for many important crop species: it inhibits pre-harvest spouting or vivipary, a widespread problem in many regions of the world. Too much dormancy, however, can lead to non-uniform germination in the field. Recent progress has been made in understanding the role of abscisic acid metabolism and dormancy release in both model plants and crop species. Advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that are involved in dormancy, along with approaches using quantitative genetics, will provide new strategies through which the desired level of dormancy can be introduced into crop species.
... 在许多栽培作物特别是一些重要的禾谷类作物, 例如水稻、小麦和玉米中, 由于长期的栽培选择, 即种子迅速和整齐的萌发, 使其种子在成熟后期遇到连续阴雨时会产生收获前萌发, 也称穗萌(pre- harvesting sprouting)[4,5] ...
... 穗萌是种子在植株上的一种特殊萌发, 在禾谷类作物种子和粮食生产中已经造成巨大的经济损失[4], 是目前全球关注的重要问题 ...
1
2011
0.0
0.0
... 在许多栽培作物特别是一些重要的禾谷类作物, 例如水稻、小麦和玉米中, 由于长期的栽培选择, 即种子迅速和整齐的萌发, 使其种子在成熟后期遇到连续阴雨时会产生收获前萌发, 也称穗萌(pre- harvesting sprouting)[4,5] ...
6
2010
2.922
0.0
... Nonogaki等[6]认为, 尽管获得了种子萌发过程中一些基因表达的信息, 但由于种子萌发事件的复杂性以及不同植物种子的遗传多样性, 完成种子萌发的关键事件仍未确定 ...
... 成熟的干燥种子含有内膜分化不完全的线粒体以及呼吸作用必需的功能酶例如三羧酸循环的酶和末端氧化酶, 在吸胀开始后的几小时能通过氧化磷酸化提供足够的ATP [6] ...
... 而在贮藏油为主的种子例如花生、蓖麻和南瓜中, 新线粒体的生物发生是主要的[6] ...
... 相反, 当线粒体变得活跃时, 戊糖磷酸途径占优势[6] ...
... 但是, 这些信息在干燥种子中的定位是不清楚的, 它们可能被束缚在细胞质内的信使核蛋白复合物(messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes)中[6] ...
... 4 结语种子萌发是一个复杂的过程, 在这个过程中静止的干燥种子迅速地恢复代谢活性, 完成胚伸出周围结构的细胞事件, 以及为随后的幼苗生长做准备[1,2,3,6] ...
1
1997
0.0
0.0
... 干燥种子具有非常低的水势[7], 能使水分迅速地进入 ...
1
2004
1.931
0.0
... 由于这个过程被衬质势(matrix potential)所驱动, 吸胀作用也在死种子中发生[8] ...
1
2008
0.0
0.0
... 水分吸收的动力学受种子结构的影响, 水分不可能均等地进入种子的所有部位[9] ...
1
2005
6.555
0.0
... 在烟草种子中, 水分首先到达珠孔端胚乳和胚根的顶部[10], 使该区域的代谢作用迅速恢复 ...
1
2009
5.242
0.0
... 许多其他的植物种子包括小麦种子也是通过珠孔发生类似的水分吸收模式[11] ...
1
2005
3.347
0.0
. 2005, 221:17-27 DOI:10.1007/s00425-004-1426-z
Water uptake and oil distribution during imbibition of seeds of western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don) monitored in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging
1.Simon Fraser University Department of Biological Sciences 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada
2.National Research Council of Canada Plant Biotechnology Institute 110 Gymnasium Place Saskatoon SK S7N 0W9 Canada
3.University of Missouri-Columbia U.S. Department of Agriculture 210 Waters Hall Columbia MO 65211 USA
Dry or fully imbibed seeds of western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don) were studied using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Analyses of the dry seed revealed many of the gross anatomical features of seed structure. Furthermore, the non-invasive nature of MRI allowed for a study of the dynamics of water and oil distribution during in situ imbibition of a single seed with time-lapse chemical shift selective MRI. During soaking of the dry seed, water penetrated through the seed coat and megagametophyte. The cotyledons of the embryo (located in the chalazal end of the seed) were the first to show hydration followed by the hypocotyl and later the radicle. After penetrating the seed coat, water in the micropylar end of the seed likely also contributed to further hydration of the embryo; however, the micropyle itself did not appear to be a site for water entry into the seed. A model that describes the kinetics of the earlier stages of imbibition is proposed. Non-viable pine seeds captured with MRI displayed atypical imbibition kinetics and were distinguished by their rapid and uncontrolled water uptake. The potential of MR microimaging for detailed studies of water uptake and distribution during the soaking, moist chilling (stratification), and germination of conifer seeds is discussed.
... 但也有例外, 例如西部白松, 种子合点端的子叶是最先水合的部位[12] ...
1
2008
2.699
0.0
... Robert等[13]发现, 乙烯突变体的种子形状和吸胀行为不同于野生型种子 ...
1
2010
1.931
0.0
... 吸胀种子的大小和形状变化差异可用于大规模的突变体筛选, 计算方法促进了图像时间序列(image time series)的高通量分析[14] ...
1
2005
6.555
0.0
... 在干燥种子中, 这些酶可能被线粒体专一的胚胎发生晚期丰富(late embryogenesis abundant, LEA)蛋白保护[15,16] ...
1
2007
9.251
0.0
... 在干燥种子中, 这些酶可能被线粒体专一的胚胎发生晚期丰富(late embryogenesis abundant, LEA)蛋白保护[15,16] ...
1
2007
0.0
0.0
... 3 DNA和蛋白质的修复基因组DNA的损伤包括在延长干藏过程中端粒顺序的逐渐丧失[17], 链断裂, 以及由温度、水分、氧气和活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)积累所引起的其他类型的DNA损伤[18] ...
1
2005
6.736
0.0
... 3 DNA和蛋白质的修复基因组DNA的损伤包括在延长干藏过程中端粒顺序的逐渐丧失[17], 链断裂, 以及由温度、水分、氧气和活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)积累所引起的其他类型的DNA损伤[18] ...
2
2010
6.582
0.0
... 在拟南芥中, 植物专一的DNA连接酶VI的失活使种子萌发延迟[19] ...
... atlig6突变体对种子老化也表现出过敏性反应, 表明AtLIG6是拟南芥种子质量和寿命的主要决定子[19] ...
1
2011
0.0
0.0
. 2011, 49:1040-1050 DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.05.007
New insights on the barrel medic MtOGG1 and MtFPG functions in relation to oxidative stress response in planta and during seed imbibition
AbstractIn plants, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase/lyase (OGG1) and formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (FPG) play similar roles within the base excision repair (BER) pathway involved in the removal of oxidized bases, e.g. 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxo-dG) and formamidopyrimidine (FAPy) lesions. To date, it is not clear why plants have retained both the OGG1 and FPG functions. In the present work, we have investigated the possible roles played in planta by MtOGG1 and MtFPG genes from Medicago truncatula Gaertn. (barrel medic). Bioinformatic investigation revealed the presence of putative mitochondrial and nuclear localization signals in the MtOGG1 and MtFPG amino acid sequences, respectively, thus suggesting for different subcellular fates. The expression profiles of both genes were evaluated by Quantitative Real-Time PCR (QRT-PCR) in barrel medic plantlets grown in vitro under oxidative stress conditions induced by copper (CuCl2, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mM) and polyethylene glycol (PEG6000, 50, 100 and 150 g L−1). The MtOGG1 and MtFPG genes were up-regulated in response to stress agents, at different levels, depending on treatment and tissue. As for copper, MtOGG1 showed significant up-regulation (up to 1.2- and 1.7-fold) only in roots while the MtFPG mRNA significantly increased (up to 1.3- and 2.8-fold, respectively) in roots and aerial parts. In response to PEG, the MtOGG1 expression was significantly enhanced in aerial parts (up to 1.3-fold) while the MtFPG showed significant (1.2-fold) up-regulation in roots. The expression profiles of MtOGG1 and MtFPG genes were also evaluated during seed imbibition, a physiological process which is characterized by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) accumulation and requires active DNA repair.
Highlights? The function of OGG1 and FPG enzymes in the plant BER pathway is not clear. ? MtOGG1 and MtFPG expression profiles were investigated under oxidative stress conditions. ? To this purpose, aerial parts and roots of copper and PEG treated barrel medic plantlets were used. MtOGG1 and MtFPG expression profiles were also evaluated during seed imbibition.
... 在苜蓿种子萌发的早期阶段, 与氧化损伤的DNA修复有关的酶[例如, 甲酰嘧啶-DNA糖基化酶(forma-midopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase)和8-氧鸟嘌呤DNA糖基化酶/裂解酶(8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase/ lyase)]被上调也支持DNA的修复是种子萌发所需要的[20] ...
2
2007
6.582
0.0
... 在拟南芥成熟种子中, 编码烟酰胺酶(nicotina-midase)的基因NIC2被高水平地表达[21] ...
... 敲除突变体nic2-1的种子表现出烟酰胺酶活性降低和延迟萌发, 说明烟酰胺被NIC2正常地代谢, 从而释放对PARP活性的抑制, 允许DNA修复发生[21] ...
2
2008
6.582
0.0
... PIMT通过催化异常的L-异天冬氨酰残基转换成为正常的L-天冬氨酰在种子伤害蛋白的修复中起重要作用[22,23] ...
... PIMT2主要定位于内膜系统, 例如线粒体、叶绿体和细胞质, 提出PIMT2在一些亚细胞中参与蛋白质的修复[22] ...
2
2008
9.251
0.0
... PIMT通过催化异常的L-异天冬氨酰残基转换成为正常的L-天冬氨酰在种子伤害蛋白的修复中起重要作用[22,23] ...
... 相反, PIMT1的降低表达增加新鲜收获的成熟干燥种子中蛋白质L-异天冬氨酰残基的积累, 导致胁迫条件下种子活力的下降, 以及对老化处理的过敏性反应[23] ...
1
2005
6.582
0.0
... 1 贮存mRNA的作用在干燥的拟南芥和大麦种子中存在多于12 000种mRNA[24,25], 在干燥的水稻种子中含有超过17 000种mRNA[26] ...
1
2008
6.555
0.0
... 1 贮存mRNA的作用在干燥的拟南芥和大麦种子中存在多于12 000种mRNA[24,25], 在干燥的水稻种子中含有超过17 000种mRNA[26] ...
2
2009
6.555
0.0
... 1 贮存mRNA的作用在干燥的拟南芥和大麦种子中存在多于12 000种mRNA[24,25], 在干燥的水稻种子中含有超过17 000种mRNA[26] ...
... 已经证明一组蛋白磷酸酶和蛋白激酶通过ABA信号的调节控制种子萌发[26,52] ...
1
2004
6.555
0.0
... -amanitin)不抑制种子萌发, 而蛋白质合成抑制剂环己酰亚胺(cycloheximide)明显地阻止胚根的伸出[27,28] (宋松泉等, 数据待发表) ...
6
2012
4.134
0.0
... -amanitin)不抑制种子萌发, 而蛋白质合成抑制剂环己酰亚胺(cycloheximide)明显地阻止胚根的伸出[27,28] (宋松泉等, 数据待发表) ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
... 与蛋白合成相关的蛋白例如多聚腺苷酸-结合蛋白、真核翻译起始因子5A-3和因子3亚基I、50S核糖体蛋白L1 [36], 叶绿体翻译延长因子EF-Tu [30,31]和线粒体延长因子Tu [28] ...
... -亚基、依赖电压的阴离子通道[28,41,42]和P-类型H+-ATPase[39]在种子萌发过程中增加积累, 这些蛋白与运输有关, 可能通过改变细胞的水势, 从而促进细胞伸长 ...
... 与细胞生长和结构有关的蛋白, 例如肌动蛋白1和7[28,30,31,42], 肌动蛋白解聚因子[52]和类肌动蛋白解聚因子蛋白[36], #cod#x003b1 ...
... -1链[28], 以及#cod#x003b2 ...
4
2011
3.75
0.7555
... 2 种子萌发过程中的蛋白质组分析He等[29]利用蛋白质组技术构建了萌发水稻种子的代谢和调节途径 ...
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
... 信号转导相关蛋白, 14-3-3蛋白和14-3-3家族蛋白[39], 类14-3-3蛋白[29], 核苷二磷酸激酶和激酶I [33,41,42], 蛋白激酶APK18和假定的蛋白激酶[35,45], 依赖-Ca2+蛋白激酶、腺苷酸激酶和假定的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶[42]也在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
6
2001
6.555
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 与蛋白合成相关的蛋白例如多聚腺苷酸-结合蛋白、真核翻译起始因子5A-3和因子3亚基I、50S核糖体蛋白L1 [36], 叶绿体翻译延长因子EF-Tu [30,31]和线粒体延长因子Tu [28] ...
... 与细胞生长和结构有关的蛋白, 例如肌动蛋白1和7[28,30,31,42], 肌动蛋白解聚因子[52]和类肌动蛋白解聚因子蛋白[36], #cod#x003b1 ...
... -2微管蛋白[30,31,46], 微管蛋白#cod#x003b1 ...
... -2微管蛋白的增加积累[30] ...
9
2002
6.555
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
... 与蛋白合成相关的蛋白例如多聚腺苷酸-结合蛋白、真核翻译起始因子5A-3和因子3亚基I、50S核糖体蛋白L1 [36], 叶绿体翻译延长因子EF-Tu [30,31]和线粒体延长因子Tu [28] ...
... 在蛋白折叠中涉及的蛋白dnak-类型的分子伴侣热休克蛋白(HSP) 70[33], 线粒体HSP 60[31]和新生多肽复合物结构域蛋白[46] ...
... 与细胞生长和结构有关的蛋白, 例如肌动蛋白1和7[28,30,31,42], 肌动蛋白解聚因子[52]和类肌动蛋白解聚因子蛋白[36], #cod#x003b1 ...
... -2微管蛋白[30,31,46], 微管蛋白#cod#x003b1 ...
... -2,4微管蛋白的丰度显著增加, 远远高于完全萌发的野生型种子[31] ...
4
2005
6.555
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
... 在拟南芥种子的吸胀过程中, 不同的羰基化蛋白积累[32] ...
... 观察到的高丰度种子贮藏蛋白的羰基化作用可能反映了它们在清除种子萌发过程中产生的活性氧的作用[32] ...
... 此外, 已经提出这种羰基化作用可能通过降低蛋白结构的稳定性和促进蛋白水解来增加幼苗建成过程中种子贮藏蛋白的动员[32] ...
4
2007
4.132
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
... 在蛋白折叠中涉及的蛋白dnak-类型的分子伴侣热休克蛋白(HSP) 70[33], 线粒体HSP 60[31]和新生多肽复合物结构域蛋白[46] ...
... 信号转导相关蛋白, 14-3-3蛋白和14-3-3家族蛋白[39], 类14-3-3蛋白[29], 核苷二磷酸激酶和激酶I [33,41,42], 蛋白激酶APK18和假定的蛋白激酶[35,45], 依赖-Ca2+蛋白激酶、腺苷酸激酶和假定的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶[42]也在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
1
2011
4.132
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
2
2012
4.088
0.0
. 2012, 75:1247-1262 DOI:10.1016/j.jprot.2011.10.036
Proteomics of desiccation tolerance during development and germination of maize embryos
AbstractMaize seeds were used to identify the key embryo proteins involved in desiccation tolerance during development and germination. Immature maize embryos (28N) during development and mature embryos imbibed for 72 h (72HN) are desiccation sensitive. Mature maize embryos (52N) during development are desiccation tolerant. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and hydrogen peroxide contents decreased and increased with acquisition and loss of desiccation tolerance, respectively. A total of 111 protein spots changed significantly (1.5 fold increase/decrease) in desiccation-tolerant and -sensitive embryos before (28N, 52N and 72HN) and after (28D, 52D and 72HD) dehydration. Nine pre-dominantly proteins, 17.4 kDa Class I heat shock protein 3, late embryogenesis abundant protein EMB564, outer membrane protein, globulin 2, TPA:putative cystatin, NBS-LRR resistance-like protein RGC456, stress responsive protein, major allergen Bet v 1.01C and proteasome subunit alpha type 1, accumulated during embryo maturation, decreased during germination and increased in desiccation-tolerant embryos during desiccation. Two proteins, Rhd6-like 2 and low-molecular-weight heat shock protein precursor, showed the inverse pattern. We infer that these eleven proteins are involved in seed desiccation tolerance. We conclude that desiccation-tolerant embryos make more economical use of their resources to accumulate protective molecules and antioxidant systems to deal with maturation drying and desiccation treatment.
Graphical abstractSchematic drawing of the treatments compared in the proteomic analyses of maize embryos (top) and the changes of desiccation tolerance during development and germination (bottom).
View high quality image (103K)
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
... 信号转导相关蛋白, 14-3-3蛋白和14-3-3家族蛋白[39], 类14-3-3蛋白[29], 核苷二磷酸激酶和激酶I [33,41,42], 蛋白激酶APK18和假定的蛋白激酶[35,45], 依赖-Ca2+蛋白激酶、腺苷酸激酶和假定的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶[42]也在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
9
2012
4.088
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
... 与蛋白合成相关的蛋白例如多聚腺苷酸-结合蛋白、真核翻译起始因子5A-3和因子3亚基I、50S核糖体蛋白L1 [36], 叶绿体翻译延长因子EF-Tu [30,31]和线粒体延长因子Tu [28] ...
... -类型7[36], 26S蛋白酶体调节亚基4同源物和6A同源物[41,42]等在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 与细胞生长和结构有关的蛋白, 例如肌动蛋白1和7[28,30,31,42], 肌动蛋白解聚因子[52]和类肌动蛋白解聚因子蛋白[36], #cod#x003b1 ...
... 乙烯生物合成的关键酶1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸氧化酶(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, ACO)在种子萌发过程中也增加积累[36,39], 已经证明乙烯能促进种子萌发和拮抗ABA的作用[47] ...
1
2005
4.132
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
2
2007
4.132
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
5
2009
5.056
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
... 信号转导相关蛋白, 14-3-3蛋白和14-3-3家族蛋白[39], 类14-3-3蛋白[29], 核苷二磷酸激酶和激酶I [33,41,42], 蛋白激酶APK18和假定的蛋白激酶[35,45], 依赖-Ca2+蛋白激酶、腺苷酸激酶和假定的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶[42]也在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... -亚基、依赖电压的阴离子通道[28,41,42]和P-类型H+-ATPase[39]在种子萌发过程中增加积累, 这些蛋白与运输有关, 可能通过改变细胞的水势, 从而促进细胞伸长 ...
... 乙烯生物合成的关键酶1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸氧化酶(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, ACO)在种子萌发过程中也增加积累[36,39], 已经证明乙烯能促进种子萌发和拮抗ABA的作用[47] ...
2
2009
4.132
0.0
... 拟南芥[30,31,32]、水稻[33,34]、玉米[35]、豌豆[36]、番茄[37]、蓖麻[38]、麻疯树[39]和海枣[40]种子萌发过程中的差异蛋白质组分析表明, 有许多蛋白被差异积累 ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
7
2008
4.132
0.0
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
... -类型7[36], 26S蛋白酶体调节亚基4同源物和6A同源物[41,42]等在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 信号转导相关蛋白, 14-3-3蛋白和14-3-3家族蛋白[39], 类14-3-3蛋白[29], 核苷二磷酸激酶和激酶I [33,41,42], 蛋白激酶APK18和假定的蛋白激酶[35,45], 依赖-Ca2+蛋白激酶、腺苷酸激酶和假定的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶[42]也在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... -亚基、依赖电压的阴离子通道[28,41,42]和P-类型H+-ATPase[39]在种子萌发过程中增加积累, 这些蛋白与运输有关, 可能通过改变细胞的水势, 从而促进细胞伸长 ...
... -expansin)[41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累, 表明这些蛋白与种子的萌发直接相关 ...
11
2009
5.056
0.0
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 根据差异积累的蛋白质组研究, 发现与甲硫氨酸(Met)代谢有关的一些蛋白例如S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine, AdoMet)合成酶[29,30,31,36,41,42]、Met合酶[36]、不依赖钴胺素的Met合酶(cobalamin- independent Met synthase)[31]、以及半胱氨酸合酶[36,41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
... -类型6[42]和#cod#x003b1 ...
... -类型7[36], 26S蛋白酶体调节亚基4同源物和6A同源物[41,42]等在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 信号转导相关蛋白, 14-3-3蛋白和14-3-3家族蛋白[39], 类14-3-3蛋白[29], 核苷二磷酸激酶和激酶I [33,41,42], 蛋白激酶APK18和假定的蛋白激酶[35,45], 依赖-Ca2+蛋白激酶、腺苷酸激酶和假定的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶[42]也在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 信号转导相关蛋白, 14-3-3蛋白和14-3-3家族蛋白[39], 类14-3-3蛋白[29], 核苷二磷酸激酶和激酶I [33,41,42], 蛋白激酶APK18和假定的蛋白激酶[35,45], 依赖-Ca2+蛋白激酶、腺苷酸激酶和假定的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶[42]也在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... -亚基、依赖电压的阴离子通道[28,41,42]和P-类型H+-ATPase[39]在种子萌发过程中增加积累, 这些蛋白与运输有关, 可能通过改变细胞的水势, 从而促进细胞伸长 ...
... 与细胞生长和结构有关的蛋白, 例如肌动蛋白1和7[28,30,31,42], 肌动蛋白解聚因子[52]和类肌动蛋白解聚因子蛋白[36], #cod#x003b1 ...
... -expansin)[41,42]在种子萌发过程中增加积累, 表明这些蛋白与种子的萌发直接相关 ...
... 已经提出萌发过程本身就是一种“胁迫”, 细胞防御与救援蛋白的积累可能是种子萌发过程中活化的自我防御机制的一部分[42], 在种子萌发中起间接的(保护)作用 ...
1
2008
9.737
0.0
... 在由植物合成的必需氨基酸中, Met是一种重要的代谢物, 因为它不仅是蛋白质合成的底物, 而且是AdoMet (一种普遍的甲基供体)、多胺、植物激素乙烯和维生素生物素的前体[43,44] ...
1
2011
25.962
0.0
... 在由植物合成的必需氨基酸中, Met是一种重要的代谢物, 因为它不仅是蛋白质合成的底物, 而且是AdoMet (一种普遍的甲基供体)、多胺、植物激素乙烯和维生素生物素的前体[43,44] ...
4
2008
3.347
0.0
. 2008, 228:1029-1041 DOI:10.1007/s00425-008-0805-2
A shotgun phosphoproteomics analysis of embryos in germinated maize seeds
1.Northeast Forestry University Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology 26 Hexing Road 150040 Harbin People’s Republic of China
2.Harbin University Department of Life Science and Chemistry 150086 Harbin People’s Republic of China
3.Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine 24 Heping Road 150040 Harbin People’s Republic of China
To better understand the role that reversible protein phosphorylation plays in seed germination, we initiated a phosphoproteomic investigation of embryos of germinated maize seeds. A total of 776 proteins including 39 kinases, 16 phosphatases, and 33 phosphoproteins containing 36 precise in vivo phosphorylation sites were identified. All the phosphorylation sites identified, with the exception of the phosphorylation site on HSP22, have not been reported previously (Lund et al. in J Biol Chem, 276, 29924–29929, 2001). Assayed with QRT-PCR, the transcripts of ten kinase genes were found to be dramatically up-regulated during seed germination and those of four phosphatase genes were up-regulated after germination, which indicated that reversible protein phosphorylation occurred and complex regulating networks were activated during this period. At least one-third of these phosphoproteins are key components involved in biological processes which relate to seed germination, such as DNA repair, gene transcription, RNA splicing and protein translation, suggesting that protein phosphorylation plays an important role in seed germination. As far as we know, this is the first phosphoproteomic study on a monocot and it will lay a solid foundation for further study of the molecular mechanisms of seed germination and seedling development.
... 在拟南芥[31]、水稻[28,29,33,41,42]、玉米[45]、豌豆[36]、麻疯树[39]、海枣[40]和蓖麻[38]种子萌发过程中, 增加积累一些与糖酵解、三羧酸循环、戊糖磷酸途径和能量产生有关的蛋白, 为种子萌发提供能量和碳骨架 ...
... 信号转导相关蛋白, 14-3-3蛋白和14-3-3家族蛋白[39], 类14-3-3蛋白[29], 核苷二磷酸激酶和激酶I [33,41,42], 蛋白激酶APK18和假定的蛋白激酶[35,45], 依赖-Ca2+蛋白激酶、腺苷酸激酶和假定的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶[42]也在种子萌发过程中增加积累 ...
... 3 翻译后修饰对种子萌发的控制在干燥种子和萌发的种子中, 有许多蛋白受到翻译后修饰[45,48], 这些修饰通过影响蛋白质的功能包括定位、复合物的形成、稳定性和活性等调节种子的萌发 ...
... 同样, 在DNA修复[45]和蛋白质翻译[53]中涉及的酶的磷酸化对于种子萌发的分子控制也是非常重要的 ...
3
2006
6.555
0.0
... 在蛋白折叠中涉及的蛋白dnak-类型的分子伴侣热休克蛋白(HSP) 70[33], 线粒体HSP 60[31]和新生多肽复合物结构域蛋白[46] ...
... -亚基[46]、#cod#x003b1 ...
... -2微管蛋白[30,31,46], 微管蛋白#cod#x003b1 ...
9
2005
1.931
0.0
... 乙烯生物合成的关键酶1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸氧化酶(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, ACO)在种子萌发过程中也增加积累[36,39], 已经证明乙烯能促进种子萌发和拮抗ABA的作用[47] ...
... 1 脱落酸脱落酸是种子休眠的正调节剂, 是萌发的负调节剂, 在种子休眠和萌发中起主要作用[47,60,61] ...
... P450单加氧酶的CYP707A家族成员编码ABA 8’-羟化酶(8’-hydroxylase), 这是ABA 8’-羟化作用途径中的关键步骤, 在ABA含量的控制中起调节作用[47,60] ...
... 2 赤霉素在种子萌发过程中, GA能促进种子萌发和拮抗ABA的抑制作用[47] ...
... 已经证明, 在乙烯作用抑制剂2,5-降冰片二烯(2,5-norbornadiene, NBD)的实验中, 已知的乙烯受体的信号对于许多物种的种子萌发是重要的, 例如十字花科的拟南芥和家独行菜、豆科的豌豆、茄科的烟草和许多其他物种[47,119] ...
... 已经提出, 在胚轴中乙烯通过促进径向细胞膨胀或者通过降低种子的基础水势(base water potential)起作用[47,118] ...
... 4 脱落酸、赤霉素和乙烯之间的相互作用种子萌发的控制是一个非常复杂的过程, 它需要不同激素之间的协同作用和相互作用[47] ...
... 与ABA相反, GA负调节休眠, 因为它解除种皮介导的种子休眠和促进种子萌发[47,123] ...
... 乙烯促进种子萌发, 以及拮抗ABA对种子萌发的抑制作用[47,119] ...
4
2011
4.132
0.0
... 3 翻译后修饰对种子萌发的控制在干燥种子和萌发的种子中, 有许多蛋白受到翻译后修饰[45,48], 这些修饰通过影响蛋白质的功能包括定位、复合物的形成、稳定性和活性等调节种子的萌发 ...
... 已经报道, NO能与金属蛋白的过渡金属结合(金属的亚硝基化)或者引起半胱氨酸的S-亚硝基化作用(S-nitrosylation)或者酪氨酸的硝化作用(tyrosine nitration)[48,54] ...
... 此外, 增加的证据表明蛋白质的S-亚硝基化作用可能调节种子萌发过程中的代谢和能量过程[48] ...
... 除了上述翻译后修饰外, 已经证明蛋白质生物素化(biotinylation)、糖基化(glycosylation)、泛素化(ubitinylation)、法尼基化(farnesylation)和乙酰化(acetylation)也对种子萌发起调节作用[48] ...
3
2005
25.962
0.0
... 在禾谷类作物中, 干燥种子的淀粉胚乳和胚中的蛋白质主要以氧化状态(S-S)存在, 在吸胀后被转化成为还原或者巯基(-SH)状态[49] ...
... 以及(c)还原性地活化在种子萌发中具有功能的酶[49], 促进贮藏物的动员 ...
... 而种子萌发过程中在Trx存在时通过蛋白质二硫键的还原, 这些氧化形式的蛋白质被还原[49] ...
1
2007
6.555
0.0
... 在模式豆科植物苜蓿种子的萌发过程中已经观察到类似的结果, 表明Trx像在单子叶植物中所描述的那样在双子叶植物种子萌发过程中起作用[50] ...
1
2010
2.699
0.0
... 似乎观察到的蛋白质羰基化模式的专一变化对于抵消和/或者利用由萌发种子代谢活性恢复所产生的ROS是需要的[51] ...
2
2010
6.555
0.0
... 与细胞生长和结构有关的蛋白, 例如肌动蛋白1和7[28,30,31,42], 肌动蛋白解聚因子[52]和类肌动蛋白解聚因子蛋白[36], #cod#x003b1 ...
... 已经证明一组蛋白磷酸酶和蛋白激酶通过ABA信号的调节控制种子萌发[26,52] ...
1
2002
3.377
0.0
... 同样, 在DNA修复[45]和蛋白质翻译[53]中涉及的酶的磷酸化对于种子萌发的分子控制也是非常重要的 ...
1
2010
6.555
0.0
... 已经报道, NO能与金属蛋白的过渡金属结合(金属的亚硝基化)或者引起半胱氨酸的S-亚硝基化作用(S-nitrosylation)或者酪氨酸的硝化作用(tyrosine nitration)[48,54] ...
1
2010
5.242
0.0
... 在吸胀1 h的拟南芥种子中, 已观察到NO的短暂爆发[55] ...
1
2008
5.242
0.0
... 此外, 在吸胀24 h的高粱胚轴中已观察到一些硝化蛋白增加[56] ...
1
2009
3.37
0.0
... 蛋白硝化作用(protein nitration)是一种硝化应激(nitrosative stress)的生物学标记, 可能参与植物中蛋白质的转换或者信号转导[57,58] ...
1
2007
11.808
0.0
. 2007, 12:436-438 DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2007.08.013
Need of biomarkers of nitrosative stress in plants
... 蛋白硝化作用(protein nitration)是一种硝化应激(nitrosative stress)的生物学标记, 可能参与植物中蛋白质的转换或者信号转导[57,58] ...
1
2011
5.242
0.0
... 有趣的是, 钼辅因子硫化酶(molybdenum cofactor sulfurase, ABA3, ABA合成的最后步骤涉及的一种酶)的酪氨酸硝化作用已经在拟南芥中报道[59] ...
3
2010
1.931
0.0
... 1 脱落酸脱落酸是种子休眠的正调节剂, 是萌发的负调节剂, 在种子休眠和萌发中起主要作用[47,60,61] ...
... P450单加氧酶的CYP707A家族成员编码ABA 8’-羟化酶(8’-hydroxylase), 这是ABA 8’-羟化作用途径中的关键步骤, 在ABA含量的控制中起调节作用[47,60] ...
... ABI3/VP1与RY/Sph (一个种子专一的启动子)重复结合, 而ABI4/ZmABI4与耦合元件1 (coupling element 1, CE1) 结合, 这些因子与ABRE一道起作用以触发ABA介导的转录作用[60] ...
3
2010
3.518
0.0
. 2010, 73:67-87 DOI:10.1007/s11103-009-9583-x
Cross-species approaches to seed dormancy and germination: conservation and biodiversity of ABA-regulated mechanisms and the Brassicaceae DOG1 genes
1.University of Freiburg Botany/Plant Physiology, Institute for Biology II, Faculty of Biology Sch?nzlestr. 1 79104 Freiburg Germany
2.Palacky University in Olomouc Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Slechtitelu 11 78371 Olomouc-Holice Czech Republic
3.Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno Department of Botany and Plant Physiology Zemedelska 1 61300 Brno Czech Republic
Seed dormancy is genetically determined with substantial environmental influence mediated, at least in part, by the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA). The ABA-related transcription factor ABI3/VP1 (ABA INSENSITIVE3/VIVIPAROUS1) is widespread among green plants. Alternative splicing of its transcripts appears to be involved in regulating seed dormancy, but the role of ABI3/VP1 goes beyond seeds and dormancy. In contrast, DOG1 (DELAY OF GERMINATION 1), a major quantitative trait gene more specifically involved in seed dormancy, was so far only known from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtDOG1) and whether it also has roles during the germination of non-dormant seeds was not known. Seed germination of Lepidium sativum (‘garden cress’) is controlled by ABA and its antagonists gibberellins and ethylene and involves the production of apoplastic hydroxyl radicals. We found orthologs of AtDOG1 in the Brassicaceae relatives L. sativum (LesaDOG1) and Brassica rapa (BrDOG1) and compared their gene structure and the sequences of their transcripts expressed in seeds. Tissue-specific analysis of LesaDOG1 transcript levels in L. sativum seeds showed that they are degraded upon imbibition in the radicle and the micropylar endosperm. ABA inhibits germination in that it delays radicle protrusion and endosperm weakening and it increased LesaDOG1 transcript levels during early germination due to enhanced transcription and/or inhibited degradation. A reduced decrease in LesaDOG1 transcript levels upon ABA treatment is evident in the late germination phase in both tissues. This temporal and ABA-related transcript expression pattern suggests a role for LesaDOG1 in the control of germination timing of non-dormant L. sativum seeds. The possible involvement of the ABA-related transcription factors ABI3 and ABI5 in the regulation of DOG1 transcript expression is discussed. Other species of the monophyletic genus Lepidium showed coat or embryo dormancy and are therefore highly suited for comparative seed biology.
... 1 脱落酸脱落酸是种子休眠的正调节剂, 是萌发的负调节剂, 在种子休眠和萌发中起主要作用[47,60,61] ...
... 通过诱导引起细胞壁松弛或者细胞分离的细胞壁重塑蛋白(cell wall remodeling proteins, CWRP)和/或者ROS的表达, 表明乙烯促进珠孔端胚乳的弱化[61,120] ...
... ABA和它相关的转录因子例如ABI3/VP1被描述为古老的休眠调控因子, 因为在系统发生上它们是普遍的, 因此, 在进化上它们是古老的[61,123,124] ...
2
2006
6.555
0.0
... 而过量积累ABA的突变体和转基因系表现出加强休眠[62,63] ...
... 这种下降在休眠(Cvi)和非休眠(Col)的拟南芥种子中发生, 主要取决于CYP707A2的活性[62,64,66,67,68] ...
1
2010
6.582
0.0
... 而过量积累ABA的突变体和转基因系表现出加强休眠[62,63] ...
3
2004
3.347
0.0
. 2004, 219:479-488 DOI:10.1007/s00425-004-1251-4
Changes in endogenous abscisic acid levels during dormancy release and maintenance of mature seeds: studies with the Cape Verde Islands ecotype, the dormant model of Arabidopsis thaliana
1.UER de Physiologie Végétale, INA-PG UMR INRA-INAPG Biologie des Semences 16 rue Claude Bernard 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
2.UMR INRA-INAPG Biologie des Semences Route de Saint Cyr 78026 Versailles Cedex France
3.GEVES-SNES rue Georges Morel BP?24 49071 Beaucouzé Cedex France
4.UMR de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, Laboratoire de Physiologie du Développement des Plantes Université Pierre et Marie Curie (PVI) Tour 53 (E5, casier 156), 4 place Jussieu 75252 Paris Cedex 05 France
Mature seeds of the Cape Verde Islands (Cvi) ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. show a very marked dormancy. Dormant (D) seeds completely fail to germinate in conditions that are favourable for germination whereas non-dormant (ND) seeds germinate easily. Cvi seed dormancy is alleviated by after-ripening, stratification, and also by nitrate or fluridone treatment. Addition of gibberellins to D seeds does not suppress dormancy efficiently, suggesting that gibberellins are not directly involved in the breaking of dormancy. Dormancy expression of Cvi seeds is strongly dependent on temperature: D seeds do not germinate at warm temperatures (20–27°C) but do so easily at a low temperature (13°C) or when a fluridone treatment is given to D seeds sown at high temperature. To investigate the role of abscisic acid (ABA) in dormancy release and maintenance, we measured the ABA content in both ND and D seeds imbibed using various dormancy-breaking conditions. It was found that dry D seeds contained higher amounts of ABA than dry ND after-ripened seeds. During early imbibition in standard conditions, there was a decrease in ABA content in both seeds, the rate of which was slower in D seeds. Three days after sowing, the ABA content in D seeds increased specifically and then remained at a high level. When imbibed with fluridone, nitrate or stratified, the ABA content of D seeds decreased and reached a level very near to that of ND seeds. In contrast, gibberellic acid (GA3) treatment caused a transient increase in ABA content. When D seeds were sown at low optimal temperature their ABA content also decreased to the level observed in ND seeds. The present study indicates that Cvi D and ND seeds can be easily distinguished by their ability to synthesize ABA following imbibition. Treatments used here to break dormancy reduced the ABA level in imbibed D seeds to the level observed in ND seeds, with the exception of GA3 treatment, which was active in promoting germination only when ABA synthesis was inhibited.
... 同样, 利用ABA生物合成抑制剂的实验表明, 在吸胀种子中ABA的重新合成对于种子休眠的维持是必需的[64] ...
... 这种下降在休眠(Cvi)和非休眠(Col)的拟南芥种子中发生, 主要取决于CYP707A2的活性[62,64,66,67,68] ...
... 休眠的Cvi种子和热抑制的Col种子在吸胀初期表现出ABA含量下降, 然后增加[64,70] ...
1
2005
25.962
0.0
... 细胞内的ABA含量被生物合成和降解代谢之间的平衡所调节[65] ...
1
2006
6.582
0.0
... 这种下降在休眠(Cvi)和非休眠(Col)的拟南芥种子中发生, 主要取决于CYP707A2的活性[62,64,66,67,68] ...
3
2009
6.736
0.0
... 这种下降在休眠(Cvi)和非休眠(Col)的拟南芥种子中发生, 主要取决于CYP707A2的活性[62,64,66,67,68] ...
... 在Col和Cvi拟南芥种子中, CYP707A2基因在吸胀开始后2~3 h被诱导[68], 导致ABA含量的迅速下降, 暗示与CYP707A2蛋白的重新合成关系密切[67] ...
... 这种早期诱导被几种因子, 例如硝酸盐[69]、NO[67]和后熟[81]所调节 ...
2
2009
4.134
0.0
... 这种下降在休眠(Cvi)和非休眠(Col)的拟南芥种子中发生, 主要取决于CYP707A2的活性[62,64,66,67,68] ...
... 在Col和Cvi拟南芥种子中, CYP707A2基因在吸胀开始后2~3 h被诱导[68], 导致ABA含量的迅速下降, 暗示与CYP707A2蛋白的重新合成关系密切[67] ...
1
2009
6.555
0.0
... 这种早期诱导被几种因子, 例如硝酸盐[69]、NO[67]和后熟[81]所调节 ...
1
2008
6.555
0.0
... 休眠的Cvi种子和热抑制的Col种子在吸胀初期表现出ABA含量下降, 然后增加[64,70] ...
1
1999
9.251
0.0
... 蛋白磷酸酶2C (protein phosphatase 2C, PP2C)基因家族的成员, 包括ABA不敏感I (ABA-INSENSITIVE1, ABI1)和ABI2是中心调控因子(图3-A), 这些基因功能的缺失突变引起ABA的过敏性反应, 暗示它们是ABA信号的负调控因子[71] ...
1
2006
6.555
0.0
... 隐性PP2C突变体的比较分析表明, AtPP2CA/AHG3是吸胀种子中的重要执行者[72] ...
1
2009
9.737
0.0
... 6三突变体在萌发过程中以及在高湿度下的胎萌中表现出一种强烈的ABA不敏感性[73,74] ...
2
2009
4.134
0.0
... 6三突变体在萌发过程中以及在高湿度下的胎萌中表现出一种强烈的ABA不敏感性[73,74] ...
... SnRK2能活化ABA反应元件(ABA-responsive element, ABRE)结合的碱性亮氨酸拉链(basic leucine zipper, bZIP)转录因子, 包括ABI5 [74] ...
1
2009
38.597
0.0
... 当SnRK2从PP2C的抑制中去抑制时, 成为活性形式[75,76] ...
1
2009
9.737
0.0
... 当SnRK2从PP2C的抑制中去抑制时, 成为活性形式[75,76] ...
1
2008
8.455
0.0
. 2008, 11:474-478 DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2008.06.014
The ABA receptors—we report you decide
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) has been implicated in a variety of physiological responses ranging from seed dormancy to stomatal conductance. Recently, three groups have reported the molecular identification of three disparate ABA receptors. Unlike the identification of other hormone receptors, in these three cases high affinity binding to ABA rather than the isolation of ABA insensitive mutants led to these receptor genes. Interestingly, two of the receptors encode genes involved in floral timing and chlorophyll biosynthesis, which are not considered traditional ABA responses. And the third receptor has been clouded in issues of its molecular identity. To clearly determine the roles of these genes in ABA perception it will require placing of these ABA-binding proteins into the rich ABA physiological context that has built up over the years.
... ABA的受体蛋白有5种不同的形式[77,78,79,80] ...
2
2009
0.0
0.0
... ABA的受体蛋白有5种不同的形式[77,78,79,80] ...
... 在这些受体中, 起始蛋白(START protein)的PYR1/PYL/RCAR家族以依赖于ABA的方式通过调节PP2C的活性在种子ABA响应中起控制作用[78,80] ...
1
2009
31.957
0.0
... ABA的受体蛋白有5种不同的形式[77,78,79,80] ...
3
2009
0.0
0.0
... ABA的受体蛋白有5种不同的形式[77,78,79,80] ...
... 在这些受体中, 起始蛋白(START protein)的PYR1/PYL/RCAR家族以依赖于ABA的方式通过调节PP2C的活性在种子ABA响应中起控制作用[78,80] ...
... 在拟南芥基因组中, 家族的14个成员(PYR1, PYL1-13)被编码, pyr1 prl1 prl2 prl4四重突变体表现出强烈的ABA不敏感萌发[80] ...
3
2008
6.736
0.0
... 这种早期诱导被几种因子, 例如硝酸盐[69]、NO[67]和后熟[81]所调节 ...
... 遗传分析表明ABI3 (B3类型)、ABI4 (AP2类型)和ABI5 (bZIP类型)是授予种子ABA响应的关键转录因子[81] ...
... 外源添加GA后, 相反的结果被观察到[81] ...
1
2001
9.737
0.0
... 在吸胀的拟南芥种子中, ABI5蛋白被ABA调节, 是一种对ABA响应的指示物[82] ...
2
2003
9.251
0.0
... 具有生物活性的GA4存在于干燥种子和后熟种子中, 在种子萌发后期GA4含量进一步增加[83] ...
... Ogawa等[83]证明, 在种子萌发过程中, GA的生物合成定位于胚根、下胚轴和珠孔端胚乳 ...
6
2012
6.555
0.0
... GA20氧化酶(GA20ox)和GA3氧化酶(GA3ox)是GA生物合成的关键调节酶, 而GA2氧化酶催化GA的降解[84] ...
... 感受GA的机制是保守的, 在拟南芥和水稻中是一致的[84] ...
... 所有的DELLA阻遏物含有一个保守的氨基酸顺序的N-末端DELLA调节区域(Asp-Glu-Leu-Leu-Ala)和一个C-末端GRAS (例如GAI、RGA和SCARECROW)功能区域[84] ...
... DELLA RGL2显著地影响种子萌发, 而DELLA RGA显著地影响植株高度[84] ...
... 这就提出DELLA可能通过这2个位点的磷酸化被调节, 一个位点在DELLA调节区域内, 另一个位点在GRAS功能区域内[84] ...
... 由于沉默SPY也抑制水稻gid1和GA生物合成突变体, 似乎在spy中增加的GA信号既不需要DELLA的蛋白水解, 也不需要GID1-DELLA复合物的形成[84] ...
1
2004
6.555
0.0
... -淀粉酶的诱导动员贮藏物[85] ...
1
2007
5.242
0.0
... -淀粉酶的诱导[86] ...
1
2005
38.597
0.0
... 通过图位克隆(map-based cloning)技术, 已经在水稻GA不敏感的突变体中鉴定了GID1基因[87], 在大麦中鉴定了GID1的同系物GSE1[88], 以及在拟南芥中鉴定了同系物GID1a、GID1b和GID1c[89,90] ...
1
2008
6.126
0.9487
... 通过图位克隆(map-based cloning)技术, 已经在水稻GA不敏感的突变体中鉴定了GID1基因[87], 在大麦中鉴定了GID1的同系物GSE1[88], 以及在拟南芥中鉴定了同系物GID1a、GID1b和GID1c[89,90] ...
1
2007
6.582
0.0
... 通过图位克隆(map-based cloning)技术, 已经在水稻GA不敏感的突变体中鉴定了GID1基因[87], 在大麦中鉴定了GID1的同系物GSE1[88], 以及在拟南芥中鉴定了同系物GID1a、GID1b和GID1c[89,90] ...
4
2007
9.251
0.0
... 通过图位克隆(map-based cloning)技术, 已经在水稻GA不敏感的突变体中鉴定了GID1基因[87], 在大麦中鉴定了GID1的同系物GSE1[88], 以及在拟南芥中鉴定了同系物GID1a、GID1b和GID1c[89,90] ...
... GID1蛋白主要定位于细胞核, 但也有定位细胞质的报道[90] ...
... 在sly1和gid2 F-box突变体中的情况并不是这样, 它积累多得多的DELLA蛋白, 但表现出比GA生物合成或者GA受体无效的突变体要较少严格的GA不敏感表型[90,101] ...
... 拟南芥GID1b具有低的表达水平, 暗示GID1b积累的控制对于调节基本的GA反应可能是必需的[90,104] ...
1
2002
9.251
0.0
... 最初, 这个模型的根据是GA缺乏所引起的矮小表型能被外源GA处理救援, 这种救援与DELLA蛋白的消失有关[91] ...
3
2011
6.555
0.0
... SLY1/GID2是催化DELLA蛋白多聚泛素化的SCF(SKP1、CULLIN和F-BOX) E3泛素连接酶的F-box亚基[92,93] ...
... GA促进SLY1与GID1的共免疫沉淀(coimmunoprecipitation), 暗示GID1-DELLA复合物的形成也促进植物中GID1-DELLA-SLY1的相互作用[92] ...
... SNE可能在GA信号中起作用, 而SLY1是DELLA蛋白积累的主要调控因子, 已知在sly1 sne双突变体中SNE突变具有小的加性效应[92,100] ...
1
2011
10.526
1.1032
... SLY1/GID2是催化DELLA蛋白多聚泛素化的SCF(SKP1、CULLIN和F-BOX) E3泛素连接酶的F-box亚基[92,93] ...
2
2004
25.962
0.0
... SCF复合物的F-box亚基通过一个C-末端的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用区域授予底物特异性, 以及通过N-末端的F-box区域与SCF复合物的其余部分相互作用[94] ...
... DELLA的磷酸化最初在水稻和拟南芥中观察到[94,105] ...
2
2007
9.251
0.0
... 用GA处理GA生物合成突变体ga1-3, 种子在5 h内或者幼苗在10 min内, 通过泛素化作用导致DELLA蛋白的破坏[95,96] ...
... 似乎DELLA能被一种非蛋白水解机制失活, 这样不是所有的在sly1/gid2突变体中积累的DELLA蛋白在功能上作为GA信号的阻遏物[95,101,102] ...
1
2011
9.737
0.0
... 用GA处理GA生物合成突变体ga1-3, 种子在5 h内或者幼苗在10 min内, 通过泛素化作用导致DELLA蛋白的破坏[95,96] ...
2
2005
6.582
0.0
... 这种破坏能够被26S蛋白酶体的抑制剂阻断[97] ...
... 在GA生物合成突变体gid1和sly1/gid2中DELLA蛋白的高水平积累表明GA、GID1受体和SCF复合物的组分对于DELLA蛋白通过泛素-蛋白酶体途径水解是需要的[97] ...
1
2010
9.251
0.0
... 酵母三-杂交分析(yeast three-hybrid analysis)表明, GID1-GA-DELLA复合物的形成促进GID2与DELLA的结合[98] ...
1
2009
6.582
0.0
... 在拟南芥和水稻中有一个SLY1/GID2的同系物称为SNEEZY (SNE)或者SLY2 [99] ...
1
2011
0.0
0.0
... SNE可能在GA信号中起作用, 而SLY1是DELLA蛋白积累的主要调控因子, 已知在sly1 sne双突变体中SNE突变具有小的加性效应[92,100] ...
2
2008
9.251
0.0
... 在sly1和gid2 F-box突变体中的情况并不是这样, 它积累多得多的DELLA蛋白, 但表现出比GA生物合成或者GA受体无效的突变体要较少严格的GA不敏感表型[90,101] ...
... 似乎DELLA能被一种非蛋白水解机制失活, 这样不是所有的在sly1/gid2突变体中积累的DELLA蛋白在功能上作为GA信号的阻遏物[95,101,102] ...
2
2008
9.251
0.0
... 似乎DELLA能被一种非蛋白水解机制失活, 这样不是所有的在sly1/gid2突变体中积累的DELLA蛋白在功能上作为GA信号的阻遏物[95,101,102] ...
... 这就解释了为什么GID1b的过量表达能更好地援救GA不敏感的sly1突变体表型的原因[102,103] ...
1
2010
9.251
0.0
... 这就解释了为什么GID1b的过量表达能更好地援救GA不敏感的sly1突变体表型的原因[102,103] ...
1
2006
9.251
0.0
... 拟南芥GID1b具有低的表达水平, 暗示GID1b积累的控制对于调节基本的GA反应可能是必需的[90,104] ...
1
2004
9.251
0.0
... DELLA的磷酸化最初在水稻和拟南芥中观察到[94,105] ...
1
2010
9.822
0.0
... 最近的证据表明, 由水稻EARLY FLOWERING1 (EL1)编码的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白酪蛋白激酶I (Ser/Thr protein casein kinase I)通过直接的蛋白磷酸化作用调节DELLA SLR1[106] ...
1
2001
6.555
0.0
... SPINDLY (SPY)编码一种O-GlcNAc转移酶, 在拟南芥、水稻和小麦中负调节GA信号[107,108,109] ...
2
2006
6.582
0.0
... SPINDLY (SPY)编码一种O-GlcNAc转移酶, 在拟南芥、水稻和小麦中负调节GA信号[107,108,109] ...
... SPY RNA干扰也抑制水稻gid2 F-box突变体, 而没有DELLA的蛋白水解, 但引起DELLA SLR1蛋白磷酸化的增加[108] ...
1
2009
3.347
0.0
. 2009, 229:523-537 DOI:10.1007/s00425-008-0843-9
Functional analysis of HvSPY, a negative regulator of GA response, in barley aleurone cells and Arabidopsis
1.CSIRO Plant Industry, P.M.B Merbein VIC 3505 Australia
2.CSIRO Plant Industry GPO box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
3.La Trobe University Department of Botany Bundoora VIC 3083 Australia
SPINDLY (SPY) is an important regulator of plant development, and consists of an N-half tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain containing 10 TPR motifs and a C-half catalytic domain, similar to O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) of animals. The best characterised role of SPY is a negative regulator of GA signalling, and all known spy alleles have been isolated based on increased GA response. Of the eight alleles that directly affect the TPR domain, all alter TPRs 6, 8 and/or 9. To test the hypothesis that a subset of TPRs, including 6, 8 and 9, are both essential and sufficient for the regulation of GA response, we overexpressed the full-length barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) SPY protein (HvSPY) and several deletion mutants in barley aleurone cells and in Arabidopsis wild type (WT) and spy-4 plants. Transient assays in barley aleurone cells, that also express endogenous HvSPY, demonstrated that introduced HvSPY and HvTPR inhibited GA3-induced α-amylase expression. With the exception of HvSPYΔ1–5, the other deletion proteins were partially active in the barley assay, including HvSPYΔ6–9 which lacks TPRs 6, 8 and 9. In Arabidopsis, analysis of seed germination under a range of conditions revealed that 35S:HvSPY increased seed dormancy. Hvspy-2, which lacks parts of the eighth and ninth TPRs, was able to partially complement all aspects of the spy-4 phenotype. In the presence of AtSPY, 35S:HvTPR caused some phenotypes consistent with a decrease in GA signalling, including increased seed sensitivity to paclobutrazol and delayed flowering. These plants also possessed distorted leaf morphology and altered epidermal cell shape. Thus, despite genetic analysis demonstrating that TPRs 6, 8 and 9 are required for regulation of GA signalling, our results suggest that these TPRs are neither absolutely essential nor sufficient for SPY activity.
... SPINDLY (SPY)编码一种O-GlcNAc转移酶, 在拟南芥、水稻和小麦中负调节GA信号[107,108,109] ...
1
2007
6.555
0.0
... 这种抑制与DELLA的消失无关, 而与明显的DELLA磷酸化有关[110] ...
1
1984
0.0
0.0
... 3 乙烯在高等植物中, 乙烯通过Yang-cycle从Met合成[111] ...
3
2005
6.582
0.0
... ACO的积累和乙烯释放的增加与一些物种的种子萌发相联系[112,113] ...
... 乙烯不敏感etr1突变体种子表现出形状改变、休眠增加、萌发率低以及它们的萌发是ABA过敏性的[112] ...
... 同样, 具有降低乙烯敏感性的ein2突变体种子表现出增加的ABA敏感性[112] ...
1
2007
5.242
0.0
... ACO的积累和乙烯释放的增加与一些物种的种子萌发相联系[112,113] ...
1
2009
5.242
0.0
... 已经证明ACO转录物的水平被乙烯本身和其他植物激素调节[114] ...
1
2000
3.347
0.0
. 2000, 211:144-149 DOI:10.1007/s004250000274
Ethylene promotes ethylene biosynthesis during pea seed germination by positive feedback regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase
1.Istituto Biosintesi Vegetali, C.N.R., Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy IT
2.Friedrich Miescher-Institute, P.O. Box 2543, 4002 Basel, Switzerland CH
Increased ethylene evolution accompanies seed germination of many species including Pisum sativum L., but only a little is known about the regulation of the ethylene biosynthetic pathway in different seed tissues. Biosynthesis of the direct ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), the expression of ACC oxidase (ACO), and ethylene production were investigated in the cotyledons and embryonic axis of germinating pea seeds. An early onset and sequential induction of ACC biosynthesis, accumulation of Ps-ACO1 mRNA and of ACO activity, and ethylene production were localized almost exclusively in the embryonic axis. Maximal levels of ACC, Ps-ACO1 mRNA, ACO enzyme activity and ethylene evolution were found when radicle emergence was just complete. Treatment of germinating seeds with ethylene alone or in combination with the inhibitor of ethylene action 2,5-norbornadiene showed that endogenous ethylene regulates its own biosynthesis through a positive feedback loop that enhances ACO expression. Accumulation of Ps-ACO1 mRNA and of ACO enzyme activity in the embryonic axis during the late phase of germination required ethylene, whereas Ps-ACS1 mRNA levels and overall ACC contents were not induced by ethylene treatment. Ethylene did not induce ACO in the embryonic axis during the early phase of germination. Ethylene-independent signalling pathways regulate the spatial and temporal pattern of ethylene biosynthesis, whereas the ethylene signalling pathway regulates high-level ACO expression in the embryonic axis, and thereby enhances ethylene evolution during seed germination.
... -1,3-葡聚糖酶有关, 此酶在胚轴的胚根中被专一地诱导表达, 但不在子叶中被诱导表达[115,116] ...
1
2003
5.135
0.0
... -1,3-葡聚糖酶有关, 此酶在胚轴的胚根中被专一地诱导表达, 但不在子叶中被诱导表达[115,116] ...
2
2010
3.347
0.0
. 2010, 231:653-664 DOI:10.1007/s00425-009-1073-5
Genes involved in ethylene and gibberellins metabolism are required for endosperm-limited germination of Sisymbrium officinale L. seeds
1.Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
The rupture of the seed coat and that of the endosperm were found to be two sequential events in the germination of Sisymbrium officinale L. seeds, and radicle protrusion did not occur exactly in the micropylar area but in the neighboring zone. The germination patterns were similar both in the presence of gibberellins (GA4+7) and in presence of ethrel. The analysis of genes involved in GAs synthesis and breakdown demonstrated that (1) SoGA2ox6 expression peaked just prior to radicle protrusion (20–22 h), while SoGA3ox2 and SoGA20ox2 expression was high at early imbibition (6 h) diminishing sharply thereafter; (2) the accumulation of SoGA20ox2 transcript was strongly inhibited by paclobutrazol (PB) as well as by inhibitors of ET synthesis and signaling (IESS) early after imbibition (6 h), while SoGA3ox2 and SoGA2ox6 expression was slowly depressed as germination progressed; (3) ethrel and GA4+7 positively or negatively affected expression of SoGA3ox2, SoGA20ox2, and SoGA2ox6, depending on the germination period studied. Regarding genes involved in ET synthesis, our results showed that SoACS7 was expressed, just prior to radicle emergence while SoACO2 expression slowly increased as germination progressed. Both genes were strongly inhibited by PB but were almost unaffected by externally added ethrel or GA4+7. These results suggest that GAs are more important than ET during the early stages of imbibition, while ET is more important at the late phases of germination of S. officinale L. seeds.
... 用乙烯产生试剂乙烯利处理钻果大蒜芥种子不显著地影响SoACS7 mRNA的水平和ACC的总含量[117] ...
... 与这个结果一致, 由氨基乙氧基乙烯甘氨酸(aminoethoxyvinylglycine, AVG)抑制ACS对种子萌发没有明显的影响, 而Co2+抑制ACO减少钻果大蒜芥的最大萌发百分数[117] ...
3
2008
2.922
0.0
... 最初在拟南芥中分离到的受体突变体是乙烯三重反应1 (ethylene triple response 1, etr1), 一种定位于内质网膜的二聚体组氨酸激酶和乙烯信号的负调控因子[118] ...
... 已经提出, 在胚轴中乙烯通过促进径向细胞膨胀或者通过降低种子的基础水势(base water potential)起作用[47,118] ...
... 已经提出, 在解除休眠和促进萌发中存在一种GA-乙烯的增效作用[118] ...
6
2012
2.509
0.0
. 2012, 31:253-270 DOI:10.1007/s00299-011-1180-1
Beyond gibberellins and abscisic acid: how ethylene and jasmonates control seed germination
AbstractAppropriate responses of seeds and fruits to environmental factors are key traits that control the establishment of a species in a particular ecosystem. Adaptation of germination to abiotic stresses and changing environmental conditions is decisive for fitness and survival of a species. Two opposing forces provide the basic physiological mechanism for the control of seed germination: the increasing growth potential of the embryo and the restraint weakening of the various covering layers (seed envelopes), including the endosperm which is present to a various extent in the mature seeds of most angiosperms. Gibberellins (GA), abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene signaling and metabolism mediate environmental cues and in turn influence developmental processes like seed germination. Cross-species work has demonstrated that GA, ABA and ethylene interact during the regulation of endosperm weakening, which is at least partly based on evolutionarily conserved mechanisms. We summarize the recent progress made in unraveling how ethylene promotes germination and acts as an antagonist of ABA. Far less is known about jasmonates in seeds for which we summarize the current knowledge about their role in seeds. While it seems very clear that jasmonates inhibit germination, the results obtained so far are partly contradictory and depend on future research to reach final conclusions on the mode of jasmonate action during seed germination. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the control of seed germination and its hormonal regulation is not only of academic interest, but is also the ultimate basis for further improving crop establishment and yield, and is therefore of common importance.
... 失活的CTR1引起连续的MAP-激酶级联(MAP-kinase cascade), 以及调节正调控因子EIN2和它定位在核中的转录因子, 例如EIN3、EIL1和EREBPs/ERFs, 从而活化乙烯反应基因的转录[119] ...
... 已经证明, 在乙烯作用抑制剂2,5-降冰片二烯(2,5-norbornadiene, NBD)的实验中, 已知的乙烯受体的信号对于许多物种的种子萌发是重要的, 例如十字花科的拟南芥和家独行菜、豆科的豌豆、茄科的烟草和许多其他物种[47,119] ...
... 已经提出几种假说来解释乙烯在萌发种子中的作用机制, 家独行菜种子珠孔端胚乳弱化的生化定量强有力地表明乙烯信号和生物合成是这个过程所需要的[119] ...
... 乙烯促进种子萌发, 以及拮抗ABA对种子萌发的抑制作用[47,119] ...
... 已经证明, 拟南芥ctr1功能丧失突变体种子萌发过程中具有减少的ABA敏感性, 以及在ACC介导的胚乳破裂和ABA抑制的恢复中是受损伤的[119] ...
... 与这些结果相反, 乙烯不能代替GA处理诱导GA缺乏的gib-1番茄突变体种子的萌发[119] ...
1
2011
6.555
0.0
... 通过诱导引起细胞壁松弛或者细胞分离的细胞壁重塑蛋白(cell wall remodeling proteins, CWRP)和/或者ROS的表达, 表明乙烯促进珠孔端胚乳的弱化[61,120] ...
1
2012
3.347
0.0
. 2012, 235:137-151 DOI:10.1007/s00425-011-1501-1
Dose- and tissue-specific interaction of monoterpenes with the gibberellin-mediated release of potato tuber bud dormancy, sprout growth and induction of #cod#x003b1;-amylases and #cod#x003b2;-amylases
AbstractGibberellins (GA) are involved in bud dormancy release in several species. We show here that GA-treatment released bud dormancy, initiated bud sprouting and promoted sprout growth of excised potato tuber bud discs (‘eyes’). Monoterpenes from peppermint oil (PMO) and S-(+)-carvone (CAR) interact with the GA-mediated bud dormancy release in a hormesis-type response: low monoterpene concentrations enhance dormancy release and the initiation of bud sprouting, whereas high concentrations inhibit it. PMO and CAR did, however, not affect sprout growth rate after its onset. We further show that GA-induced dormancy release is associated with tissue-specific regulation of α- and β-amylases. Molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that potato α-amylases cluster into two distinct groups: α-AMY1 and α-AMY2. GA-treatment induced transcript accumulation of members of both α-amylase groups, as well as α- and β-amylase enzyme activity in sprout and ‘sub-eye’ tissues. In sprouts, CAR interacts with the GA-mediated accumulation of α-amylase transcripts in an α-AMY2-specific and dose-dependent manner. Low CAR concentrations enhance the accumulation of α-AMY2-type α-amylase transcripts, but do not affect the α-AMY1-type transcripts. Low CAR concentrations also enhance the accumulation of α- and β-amylase enzyme activity in sprouts, but not in ‘sub-eye’ tissues. In contrast, high CAR concentrations have no appreciable effect in sprouts on the enzyme activities and the α-amylase transcript abundances of either group. The dose-dependent effects on the enzyme activities and the α-AMY2-type α-amylase transcripts in sprouts are specific for CAR but not for PMO. Different monoterpenes therefore may have specific targets for their interaction with hormone signalling pathways.
... 在更宽的植物休眠的视野中, 这种ABA-GA的拮抗作用也是明显的, 它控制块茎和休眠芽的萌发[121,122] ...
1
2007
5.242
0.0
... 在更宽的植物休眠的视野中, 这种ABA-GA的拮抗作用也是明显的, 它控制块茎和休眠芽的萌发[121,122] ...
2
2008b
11.808
0.0
... ABA和它相关的转录因子例如ABI3/VP1被描述为古老的休眠调控因子, 因为在系统发生上它们是普遍的, 因此, 在进化上它们是古老的[61,123,124] ...
... 与ABA相反, GA负调节休眠, 因为它解除种皮介导的种子休眠和促进种子萌发[47,123] ...
1
2009
3.73
0.0
... ABA和它相关的转录因子例如ABI3/VP1被描述为古老的休眠调控因子, 因为在系统发生上它们是普遍的, 因此, 在进化上它们是古老的[61,123,124] ...
1
2006
6.582
0.0
... ABA和GA代谢在种子萌发过程中相互联系, 例如在aba2-2突变体中GA的生物合成增加, ABA抑制种子萌发过程中GA的生物合成[125] ...
1
2012
1.67
0.0
. 2012, 66:191-202 DOI:10.1007/s10725-011-9643-5
Nitrate, abscisic acid and gibberellin interactions on the thermoinhibition of lettuce seed germination
AbstractGermination of lettuce seeds has obvious thermoinhibition, but the mechanism for thermoinhibition of seed germination is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the interactions of nitrate, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin on seed germination at high temperatures to understand further the mechanism for thermoinhibition of seed germination. Our results showed that lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Jianye Xianfeng No. 1’) seeds exhibited notable thermoinhibiton of germination at ≥17°C in darkness, and at ≥23°C in light, but the thermoinhibited seeds did not exhibit secondary dormancy. Thermoinhibition of seed germination at 23 or 25°C in light was notably decreased by 5 and 10 mM nitrate, and the stimulatory effects were markedly prevented by nitric oxide (NO) scavenger 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide. The sensitivity of seed germination to exogenous ABA increased with increasing temperature. Thermoinhibition of seed germination was markedly decreased by fluridone (an inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis) and GA3, and was increased by diniconazole (an inhibitor of the ABA-catabolizing enzyme ABA 8′-hydroxylase) and paclobutrazol (an inhibitor of GA biosynthetic pathway). The effect of fluridone in decreasing thermoinhibition of seed germination was obviously antagonized by paclobutrazol, and that of GA3 was notably added to by fluridone, and that of nitrate was antagonized by paclobutrazol, diniconazole and ABA and was added to by GA3 and fluridone. Our data show that thermoinhibition of lettuce seed germination is decreased by nitrate in a NO-dependent manner, which is antagonized by ABA, diniconazole and paclobutrazol and added by fluridone.
... 我们的结果也表明ABA显著地抑制莴苣种子的萌发, 但这种抑制作用能被GA3有效地降低[126] ...
1
2004
6.555
0.0
... 在打破欧洲水青冈种子休眠过程中, GA20氧化酶(FsGA20ox1)的表达被连接到这两种激素之间的交叉作用[127] ...
1
2009
5.242
0.0
... 在钻果大蒜芥中, 当SoACO2的表达被种子后熟抑制时, GA3氧化酶(SoGA3ox)的表达被促进[128] ...
1
2005
6.555
0.0
... 在拟南芥、油菜、苜蓿、玉米等种子萌发之前, 胚轴细胞的伸长是显著的, 但未观察到明显的细胞分裂[129,130,131,132] ...
1
2008
0.527
0.4431
. 2008, 7:950-957 DOI:10.1016/S1671-2927(08)60134-0
Early morphological and physiological events occurring during germination of maize seeds
AbstractThe early morphological and physiological events occurring during maize (Zea mays cv. Nongda 108) seed imbibition and germination were studied. Water uptake of seeds exhibited a triphasic pattern with a marked increase during the initial phase of imbibition, and then a slow increase, followed by a second substantial increase. Imbibition time for 10 and 50% of seed germination was about 26 and 46 h at 30°C, respectively. The relative conductivity of maize seeds dramatically decreased during the initial phase of imbibition, followed by a substantial increase. Respiratory rate of seeds gradually increased with imbibition. Length of root cap cells decreased during the initial phase and then increased; those of meristematic zone cells increased during the initial phase and then decreased; and those of elongation zone cells and of the whole elongation zone of the radicle gradually increased during germination. The contents of soluble sugars and starch in embryos gradually decreased as the activities of α- and β-amylase strikingly increased with imbibition. In the meantime, protein contents of embryos gradually decreased and free amino acid content increased. The activities of aminopeptidase and endopeptidase increased until 12 h of imbibition and then decreased. It is concluded that germination of maize seeds is mainly completed by extension of cells in the elongation zone of the radicle, and that mobilization of stored reserves in the embryo during the initial phase of imbibition is also an early event during seed germination.
... 在拟南芥、油菜、苜蓿、玉米等种子萌发之前, 胚轴细胞的伸长是显著的, 但未观察到明显的细胞分裂[129,130,131,132] ...
1
2009
6.126
0.9487
... 在拟南芥、油菜、苜蓿、玉米等种子萌发之前, 胚轴细胞的伸长是显著的, 但未观察到明显的细胞分裂[129,130,131,132] ...
2
2009
5.242
0.0
... 在拟南芥、油菜、苜蓿、玉米等种子萌发之前, 胚轴细胞的伸长是显著的, 但未观察到明显的细胞分裂[129,130,131,132] ...
... 已经观察到, 拟南芥种子的萌发不是由于胚根本身的延长引起的, 而是由于下胚轴以及下胚轴和胚根之间的过渡区的少量细胞伸长引起的[132] ...
1
2006
2.586
0.0
... 细胞壁的松弛允许水分渗入, 从而驱动细胞膨胀和产生细胞膨压[133] ...
1
2007
6.555
0.0
... Bethke等[134]在拟南芥种子水分吸收的第二阶段早期观察到胚和胚乳细胞具有许多小液泡 ...
2
2000
6.555
0.0
... 已经提出伸展蛋白是促进细胞壁膨胀的细胞外蛋白, 可能通过破坏半纤维素细胞壁组分和纤维素微纤丝之间的氢键起作用[135] ...
... GA缺乏的(gib-1)突变体种子只有在外源GA存在时才能萌发, 在吸胀12 h内GA诱导LeEXP4的表达[135,136] ...
1
2002
6.555
0.0
... GA缺乏的(gib-1)突变体种子只有在外源GA存在时才能萌发, 在吸胀12 h内GA诱导LeEXP4的表达[135,136] ...